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—fromSesameaureII）
JohnRuskin
[1]Butperhapsyouwillsaythatitisbecausethelivialkofthingsthatarepassing，andareofimmediateioyou，thatyoudesiretoheartheNay;thatotbeso，forthelivihemselvestellyouaboutpassingmattersmuchbetteriingsthanintheircarelesstalk.YetIadmitthatthismotivedoesinfluenceyou，sofarasyoupreferthoserapidaingstoslowandenduringwritings—books，properlysocalled.Forallbooksaredivisibleintotwoclasses，thebooksofthehour，andthebooksofalltime.Markthisdistin—itisnotoneofqualityonly.Itishebadbookthatdoesnotlast，andthegoododoes.Itisadistinofspecies.Therearegoodbooksforthehoodonesforalltime;badbooksforthehour，andbadonesforalltime.Imustdefiwokindsbefofarther.
[2]Thegoodbookofthehour，then，—Idohebadones，—issimplytheusefulorpleasanttalkofsomepersonwhomyouototherwiseversewith，printedforyou.Veryusefuloften，tellingyouwhatyouoknow;verypleasantoften，asasensiblefriealkwouldbe.Thesebrightatsood-humoredandwittydissofquestioheticstintheformofnovel;firmfag，bytherealageheeventsofpassinghistory;—allthesebooksofthehour，multiplyingamoionbeeneral，areapeculiarpossessioage:weoughttobeehankfulforthem，airelyashamedofourselvesifwemakenogooduseoftheButwemaketheworstpossibleuseifweallowthemtousurptheplaceoftruebooks:for，strictlyspeakibooksatall，butmerelylettersorneersingoodprint.Ourfrieermaybedelightful，oro-day:whetherworthkeepingornot，istobesidered.Theneermaybeentirelyproperatbreakfasttime，butassuredlyitisnforallday.So，thoughboundupihelivesyousopleasantanatoftheinns，androads，ayearatsuchaplace，orwhichtellsyouthatamusingstivesyoutherealcesofsudsuts，howevervaluableforoalreferebe，intherealseheword，a“book”
atall，nor，intherealseobe“read”
.
[3]Abookisessentiallynotatalkingthing，butawrittenthing;awithaviewofmereuni，butofpermahebookoftalkisprintedosauthorotspeaktothousaonce;ifhecould，hewould—thevolumeismeremultipliofhisvoinottalktoyourfriendinIndia;ifyoucould，youwould;youwriteiismereceofvoice.Butabookiswritten，nottomultiplythevoicemerely，nottocarryitmerely，buttoperpetuateit.Theauthorhassomethingtosaywhichheperceivestobetrueanduseful，orhelpfullybeautiful.Sofarasheknows，saidit;sofarasheknows，nooneelsesayit.Heisboundtosayit，dmelodiouslyifhemay;clearlyatallevents.Inthesumofhislifehefindsthistobethething，roupofthings，maohim;—this，thepieceoftrueknowledge，ht，whichhisshareofsuhhaspermittedhimtoseize.Hewouldfaidraveitonrock，ifhecould;saying，“Thisisthebestofme;fortherest，Iate，anddrank，a，loved，andhated，likeanother;mylifeor，andisnot;butthisIsawahis，ifanythihyourmemory.”
Thatishis“writing;”
itis，inhissmallhumanhateverdegreeoftrueinspirationisinhim，hisins，orscripture.Thatisa“Book”
.
[4]Perhapsyouthinknobookswereeversowritten?
[5]But，again，Iaskyou，doyouatallbelieveiy，oratallinkindness，ordoyouthinkthereisneverayorbenevolenwisepeople?Noneofus，Ihope，aresounhappyastothieverbitofawiseman’sworkisholyalydobitishisbookorhispieceofart.Itismixedalwayswithevilfragments—ill-do，affectedwork.Butifyhtly，youwilleasilydiscoverthetruebits，ahebook.
[6]Nowbooksofthiskieniheirgreatestmereaders，greatstatesmehiheseareallatyourdlifeisshort.Youhaveheardasmuchbefore;yethaveyoumeasuredahisshortlifeanditspossibilities?Doyouknow，ifyoureadthis，thatyouotreadthat—thatwhatyouloseto-dayyouotgainto-morrow?Willyougoandgossipwithyourhousemaid，oryourstable-boy，whenyoumaytalkwithqueensandkings;orflatteryourselfthatitiswithanyworthyessofyourownclaimstorespect，thatyoujostlewiththehungryandoncrowdforentreehere，ahere，whehiseternalcourtisopentoyou，withitssociety，wideastheworld，multitudinousasitsdays，thedthemighty，ofeverypladtime?Intothatyoumayenteralways;inthatyoumaytakefellowshipandrankagtoyourwish;fromthat，o，youeverbeoutcastbutbyyourownfault;byyouraristopanionshipthere，yourowocracywillbeassuredlytested，aiveswithwhichyoustrivetotakehighplathesocietyoftheliving，measured，astoallthetruthaareiheplaceyoudesiretotakeinthispanyoftheDead.
AfterYouRead
KnowledgeFocus
1.Pairwork:Discussthefollowiionswithyourpartner.
1）Doyouagreewiththesayingthatwhenthelivialkofthingsthatarepassing，theyareofimmediateioyou?Whyorwhynot?
2）Whatareysaboutthemotivesthatinflueudetowardbooksmehetext?
3）HowdidJohnRuskihebooksintotwotypes?
4）Whydidtheauthorsay“wemaketheworstpossibleuseifweallowthebooksofthehourtousurptheplaceoftruebooks”
?
5）Doyouagreethat“abookisessentiallynotatalkingthing”
?Whyorwhynot?
6）Summarizethefeaturesandsighebooksofthehour”
.
7）Summarizethefeaturesandsighebooksofalltime”
.
8）Whichtypeofbooksisclosertotheesseofbooksasawhtotheauthor?Whatarethereasons?
2.Solowork:Decidewhetherthefollowirue（T）orfalse（F）agtotheknowledgeyoulearellwhy.
____1）Thelivihemselvestellyouaboutpassingmattersmuchbetterihaings.
____2）Onlygoodbooksaredivisibleagtothecriteriaoftheauthor.
____3）Thegoodbookofthehourissimplytheusefulorpleasanttalktosomepersonwhomyouversewith.
____4）weoughttobethankfulforandmakegooduseofthebooksofthehour，andthatisen.
____5）Strictlyspeaking，thebooksofthehourarenotbooksatall，butmerelylettersorneersingoodprint.
____6）Abookisessentiallynotatalkingthing，butawrittenthing.
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